1947-1966

 1947 Britain in collaboration with Jews and without informing the Arabs decided to leave Palestine and the Jews immediately occupied the towns where the British forces had left. Meanwhile organizations like the Haganah committed some horrible crimes such as Deir- Yassin massacre.  In response, the UN convened its first special session and on November 29, 1947, it adopted a plan calling for partition of Palestine into Jewish and Arab states, with Jerusalem as an international zone under UN jurisdiction.

1947 Arab protests against partition erupted in violence, with attacks on Jewish settlements in retaliation to the attacks of Jews terrorist groups to Arab Towns and villages and massacres in hundreds against unarmed Palestinian in their homes.

15 May 1948 British decided to leave on this day, leaders of the Yishuv decided (as they claim) to implement that part of the partition plan calling for establishment of a Jewish state. The same day, the armies of Egypt, Transjordan (now Jordan), Syria, Lebanon, and Iraq joined Palestinian and other Arab guerrillas in a full-scale war (first Arab-Israeli War). The Arabs failed to prevent establishment of a Jewish state, and the war ended with four UN-arranged armistice agreements between Israel and Egypt, Lebanon, Jordan, and Syria.

The small Gaza Strip was left under Egyptian control, and the West Bank was controled by Jordan.

Of the more than 800,000 Arabs who lived in Israeli-held territory before 1948, only about 170,000 remained. The rest became refugees in the surrounding Arab countries, ending the Arab majority in the Jewish state.

1956 According to a secret agreement among Israel, Britain and France, the latter attacked the Suez Canal area and the Egyptian army on the pretext of securing the free navigation and shipping in the Suez Canal.

Gamal Abdel Nasser, the Egyptian president, ordered the closure of the canal. Britain and France withdrew under the U.N. Pressure. Israel left Sinai and Gaza 2 month later after gaining privileges including the secret help from U.S for Israeli Nuclear programmes. Nasser's resistance made him a national hero:

 1965 The Palestine Liberation Organization was established and in the first day of the year the first military operation of PLO was performed by exploding Israeli fresh water pipes.